Remembering Dr. Manmohan Singh: A Quiet Architect of Modern India

By Chetna Gill

The former Indian Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, who passed away on the evening of December 26, 2024, at the age of 92, was not just a political figure but a beacon of economic reform whose legacy will resonate for generations. His demise marks the end of an era characterized by humility, intellectual prowess, and a steadfast commitment to steering India towards economic liberalization and global integration.
His journey from a village without electricity to becoming India's first Sikh Prime Minister from 2004 to 2014, is a narrative of resilience and determination. His academic excellence took him from Punjab University to the hallowed halls of Cambridge and Oxford, where he earned a D.Phil in Economics, setting the stage for a career that would significantly influence India's economic landscape.
Dr. Singh's entry into the political sphere was almost accidental. Known more for his academic contributions, his political career began in earnest when he was appointed Finance Minister in 1991 by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao. Facing one of the most severe economic crises in India's post-independence history, Dr. Singh did not just manage the crisis; he transformed it into an opportunity. With a deft hand, he steered India away from the brink of bankruptcy through bold economic reforms. These reforms, famously known as the 1991 Liberalization, dismantled the Licence Raj, reduced trade barriers, and opened India to foreign investment, setting the foundation for the following economic boom. His budget speech in 1991, in which he quoted Victor Hugo, saying, "No power on earth can stop an idea whose time has come," was not just rhetoric but a declaration of India's new economic destiny.
His tenure as Prime Minister, though often critiqued for political naivety, was marked by significant legislative and social reforms. Dr. Singh introduced landmark laws like the Right to Information Act 2005, ensuring transparency in governance; the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005, aimed at eradicating rural poverty; and the Right to Education 2009, which aimed at universal elementary education. His administration also launched the Aadhar project, revolutionizing India's approach to identity and welfare distribution, a move that even his successors have recognized as pivotal.
Dr. Singh's gentle demeanor and scholarly approach have always characterized Dr. Singh's approach to governance. He was often referred to as the "accidental prime minister," a nod to his unexpected rise to the top office rather than any lack of capability. His quiet, unassuming style belied the depth of his intellect and the breadth of his vision for India. Despite being criticized for being a "puppet" of the Congress party's leadership, history will remember him for his integrity and the economic groundwork he laid.
His legacy in international diplomacy was equally profound. The Indo-US nuclear deal under his leadership was a bold step that not only ended decades of atomic isolation for India but also significantly bolstered its strategic partnership with the United States. Dr. Singh's economic policies and diplomatic maneuvers were instrumental in positioning India as a key player on the global stage, from strengthening ties with the US to nurturing a 'special and privileged strategic partnership' with Russia.
However, his second term was marred by allegations of corruption, which contributed to the Congress party's defeat in the 2014 elections. Despite the scandals, Dr. Singh maintained his dignity and refrained from engaging in the mudslinging that often characterizes Indian politics. His integrity remained untarnished, acknowledged even by his political adversaries.
In the academic world, Dr. Singh was a scholar of economics whose early works critiqued India's inward-oriented trade policies. His ascent from an academic to a transformative political leader is a testament to the power of intellect in governance. His contributions to India's economic policy were recognized with numerous accolades, including the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian award.
Dr. Singh's personal life was as austere as his public one. Married to Gursharan Kaur, with whom he had three daughters, he lived a life of simplicity even while in office, preferring his Maruti 800 over more luxurious options. His humility was not just in his choice of car but in his approach to every aspect of life, earning him respect across political and social divides.
The outpouring of tributes following his death from leaders across the political spectrum, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who described him as "one of India's most distinguished leaders," reflects the high regard in which he was held. His legacy is not just in the economic policies he spearheaded but in the model of leadership he exemplified — one of integrity, humility, and relentless pursuit of the greater good.
As we bid farewell to Dr. Manmohan Singh, we are reminded of the profound impact one individual can have on the course of a nation's history. His policies have lifted millions out of poverty, transformed India into an economic powerhouse, and set the stage for a future where India could dream of not just being a participant but a leader in the global arena. His life's work will be studied, debated, and emulated by future leaders who seek to serve with the same quiet dignity and profound impact.
Dr. Singh's story is not merely an obituary of a man but a narrative of how quiet determination, intellectual rigor, and a commitment to reform can alter the destiny of a nation. May his soul rest in peace, and may his legacy continue to inspire India towards greatness.

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